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Learning Objects

Bibliography

A bibliography is a list of every source consulted in the preparation of an assessment task, whether or not a reference to the source is made in the body of the text.

A bibliography lists sources for background and further reading, and may include a brief description of the source (an annotation).

As with a reference list, sources in a bibliography are arranged according to the prescribed referencing style.

Reference list

A reference list identifies only those resources referred to (cited) within a text, such as an essay, journal article or report.

The list provides the information necessary to identify and retrieve each resource.

As with a bibliography, resources in a reference list are arranged according to the prescribed referencing style.

Introduction

 

The successful result list using Library Search will be comprised of various citations which will contain all the elements you need to accurately reference items in your bibliography or reference list.  Each reference in your bibliography should have all the information your lecturer or someone else reading your assignment would need to accurately find that source themselves.

Each source type (format) has specific citation elements relevant to whether it is a book, journal article, music score, audio-visual or electronic/web resource.

You will need to follow the system of referencing required by your lecturer, for example, APA or Harvard.  

 

Book

Book Record

 Holland, K., & Rees, C. (2010). Nursing : evidence-based practice skills. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press.

Academic Journal

Academic Journal Record(You will also need the page numbers of the first and last page of the article, and the web address of the journal )

Garvis, S. & Pendergast, D. (2011). An investigation of early childhood teacher self-efficacy beliefs in the teaching of arts education. International Journal of Education & the Arts, 12(9), 1-15. Retrieved [date] from http://www.ijea.org/v12n9/.

Music Score

Music Score RecordBean, R. (2009). The marvellous Wonderettes [Score]. Van Nuys: Alfred Publishing Co.

Newspaper Article

Newspaper Article RecordBustillo, M. (2011, August 13). Wal-Mart Shakes Up Its Online Business. Wall Street Journal - Eastern Edition. p. B1.

Audio CD

Audio CD Record Marsalis, B., Calderazzo, J., Watts, J., & Revis, E. (2000). Contemporary jazz [Recorded by Branford Marsalis Quartet] [CD]. New York : Columbia.

Bibliography / Reference list

A bibliography, reference list or a course reading list may contain references to a number of resources including books, journal articles, video recordings and conference proceedings.

The following information may assist in identifying the common types of recommended readings:

Example

Identifying Features

Book:
McDonnell, I, Allen, J & O'Toole, W 1999, Festival and special event management, John Wiley, Brisbane.

  • publisher's name (John Wiley)

  • place of publication (Brisbane)

Book chapter:
Getz, D 1997, 'Special events', in S Medlink (ed), Managing tourism, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. 

Some books consist of a collection of chapters or articles, each written by a different author and usually with an editor. This example includes:

  • chapter title (Special events)

  • chapter author (D. Getz)

  • book title (Managing Tourism)

  • book editor's name (S. Medlink)

  • page numbers

Print journal article:
Chetwynd, C 1999, 'Site seeing', Marketing Week, vol. 22, no.36, pp. 75-79. 

  • Article title (Site seeing)

  • Journal title (Marketing week)

  • volume number, issue number or month

  • page numbers

Journal article accessed via a database:
Mulgan, R 2000, 'Perspectives on "the public interest"', Canberra Bulletin of Public Administration, no. 95, March, pp.5-12,  (online Australian Public Affairs Full Text). 

Usually includes the same features as a print journal article, plus:

  • the name of the database (online Australian Public Affairs Full Text)

Journal article accessed via the Web:
Kennedy, I 2004, 'An assessment strategy to help forestall plagiarism problems', Studies in Learning Evaluation, Innovation and Development, vol. 1, no. 1, viewed 7 October 2005, http://www.sleid.cqu.edu.au/viewissue.php?id=5

Usually includes the same features as a print journal article, plus:

  • the date the article was viewed

  • the article URL

Note: Journals published onto the web do not always include pagination, especially if they are not available in PDF format.

Conference paper:
Arnold, N. 1999, 'Marketing and development models for regional communities:  A Queensland experience' in Tourism and hospitality: Delighting the senses: Proceedings of the ninth Australian tourism and hospitality education conference: Part 1, eds. J. Molloy & J. Davies, (pp. 152-168), BTR, Canberra.

  • title of the conference paper ('Marketing and development models for regional communities:  A Queensland experience')

  • author's name (N. Arnold)

  • conference name (Australian tourism and hospitality education conference)

Website:
Tourist Australia 2008, 'Awards celebrate achievements in Australian tourism', viewed 10 November 2008,
 http://www.tourism.australia.com/NewsCentre.asp?sub=0315&al=2822

  • URL

  • the date the resource was viewed

Journal article citations

Journal Article Citations A journal article citation includes:

  • author/s names
  • article title
  • journal title
  • volume and issue numbers
  • page numbers
  • date of publication

Note that a journal article citation has two titles - title of the article and title of the journal. The journal title is the title in the citation that is closest to the volume and issue number information.

Articles accessed via a journal database or the Web may include additional details in their citation.